Douglas Fir

These tall evergreen trees have green foliage year-round.  When the needles fall, they form a carpet of pine needles on the ground.  They grow large, brown pine cones, which are eaten by animals such as squirrels.  

The trees can be found in many locations, since they are so common.  

They have rough brown bark and are home to many animals.

Hemlock

Hemlocks are evergreens, and they have flat green needles.  The hemlock also has a distinctive shape. They have small cones to spread seeds.

These trees can be found in evergreen forests.  They are often shorter than Douglas Fir trees.  

Hemlocks are one of the many species of evergreen conifers found in the Northwest. They are extremely common.

Sword Fern

Sword ferns are tall, curling ferns which are found in the understory.  They have sharp, serrated leaves with pollen on the underside.  The ferns unfurl with round curls. 

The fern sprouts start out as a lighter green, and turn darker with age. 

These ferns are some of the tallest ferns found in the forest, and so they are easy to spot.  The ferns often grow together as a group, giving the impression of a fern forest.

Oregon Maple

These maples are named for their big leaves.  The large leaves can be found carpeting the ground in autumn, and create a colorful blanket on the ground. 

In the summer, they have large green leaves which shade the forest floor.  The trees grow tall, with an overarching canopy. 

They can be found in many places, and often coexist with other trees in the forest.

Salal

This is a bushy plant with green glossy leaves and purple berries.  The plants have white flowers in some seasons.  They can grow short or tall, depending on the amount of sunlight. 

They are a common plant found in the forest understory.  They are common in forests, and are not difficult to find. 

The bushes grow in a hedge shape, and what’s most noticeable about this plant is the glossy green leaves which grow upon branching stems. 

Highbush Cranberry

This plant grows berries which can be a snack for birds.  The plant has light brown stems and large green leaves. 

This plant is a beautiful decoration to find in a landscape. 

Highbush Cranberries grow large white flowers in the summer, which turn into large bunches of red berries by the autumn. 

Rhododendron

Rhododendrons are very common, and they have glossy green leaves all year round.  In the spring, the bushes flower with large, frilly flowers which grow all over the bush. 

During the early spring months, rhododendrons grow large green flower buds.  These bushes come in many different flowering colors, as well as many different varieties. 

They can be found growing in a wide variety of places, and also are known as popular landscape elements.

Dandelion

These small green plants with yellow flowers can grow abundantly.  Dandelions can be found flowering in the early spring, and over winter and when they’re not flowering, dandelions can be seen as plants with green serrated leaves. 

When the flowers go to seed, they form fluffy seeds on the ends of the stalks.  The large, yellow flowers form a stark contrast with green grass and the green leaves of the plant.  The plants are extremely common and well-known.  

Salmonberry

These native plants grow dark pink flowers and orange berries. The bushy plants can grow in clusters, and they have green leaves.

During the winter, these bushes maintain their green leaves. They are common and easy to find.

Their most interesting feature is the bright flowers and berries. The plants can be spiny.

Red Alder

Red alders are a common plant which grows in forests. They have small green leaves, and they have tall trunks and branching branches.

Red alders aren’t coniferous, and they have seed pods. In the autumn, the leaves turn red and gold and the trees lose their leaves. The trees have beautiful tall branches and leaves which rustle in the wind.

In the summer, they provide shade. However, they can be prone to tent caterpillar infestations.

Plants, A to Z:

PLANTS OF THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST, 2024